... Federal government for success, and that without the Federal government there would have been no abolition of segregation. I intend to show this by looking at the actions of the three branches of the Federal government in turn, and then finally at the citizens movements in order to show their inability to bring about reform without the aid of the Federal government. The Federal judiciary is generally considered to have been instrumental in the struggle for civil rights, quite often at the expense of the other branches of government. For example, Charles Hamilton in his essay Federal Law and the Courts in the Civil Rights Movement states that "because the other branches of government were not responsive to often-perceived legitimate demands of the civil rights advocates, the courts had thrust upon them the task of preserving systemic legitimacy". Hamilton argues that the courts were the only place where the civil ...

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