... how it is not a complete theory. Next, I will provide a brief summary of the consequentialist's account of punishment, and will demonstrate how there consideration for the greater good of society in the future moulds their belief system. Again, I will provide the most common criticisms of such an account. Having summarized both accounts, I will briefly demonstrate how the two accounts are incompatable with one-another. Finally, I will end the essay by drawing on the work of Anthony Duff, who takes parts of the retributivist account and parts from the consequentialist account, and combines them into a new theory of punishment, the 'communication theory'. The concept of punishment has its origins in pre-civilised times. Prior to the formation of a social order, there were no rules to live by, and hence no constraints to an individuals freedom. Because of this, there was no concept of 'committing a crime', and ...

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