... microsocial level of the regular use of particular kinds of tools. Harold Innis (Hugill, 1999). In 1950, the great Canadian economic historian, Harold Innis, wrote a book titled "Empire and Communications". Innis noted that "the subject of communications... occupies a crucial position in the organization and administration of government and in turn of empires and western civilization" Beneath his discourse on various world chapters, Innis concealed the basics of a model showing how different communications technologies have affected cultures. In another of his famous works, "Bias of Communication", Innis writes that each civilization that has developed across history takes its form from a "bias" created by the prevalence of a type of communication. He divides media according to two such biases: 1. Time-binding media. Time-binding media such as manuscripts and oral communication have limited distribution potential. Time-binding media favored relatively close communities, metaphysical speculation, and traditional authority. 2. Space-binding media. Space-binding media ...

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