... 1, 2, ... , n Regression by Formula By using a mathematical method called the "Method of Least Squares" it is possible to find the values of ? and ? for in order to find a regression line. The least square estimate of ? and ? are: where Therefore The regression equation is y - Fluorescence x - Concentration The plot of the data is shown below along with its line of best fit the regression line. Residuals In the table, we show for each value of , the observed value of together with the predicted or fitted values given by the linear equations. A simple way of assessing the fit of an equation is to calculate the differences between the observed and fitted values. These discrepancies usually termed residuals are also given in the table. Calculating the residual (or error) will represent the unexplained (or residual) variation after fitting a regression model. It is the difference ...

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