... of damaged and diseased tissues. This report will be discussing the diagnosis of and techniques used for the treatment of bone, ligament and cartilage whose functions have been impaired due to a disorder. 2. Bone Tissue Engineering Reconstructive surgery involves replacing defective tissues with viable, functioning alternatives. When considering bone the reconstruction involves grafting, of which there are two main types used, autograft and allograft. An autograft is a section of bone taken from another part of the patients own body, whereas an allograft is a section taken from a cadaver. By using this method of grafting the defect site is provided with structural stability and natural osteogenic behavior. The main limitation to the use of an auto graft is that the remaining tissue of the harvest site is damaged after the removal of the graft and other limitations are the limited amount of bone for harvesting and unpredictable resorption techniques. ...

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