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... compound in a fume cupboard.Steamy fumes of HCl gas are observed, these can be tested with damp litmus paper to confirm acidic gas. After testing the compound with these diagnostic tests, the unknown compounds functional group can be determined. Preparing a derivative and finding its melting point: The first stage of preparing a derivative is filtration under reduced pressure: Mixing a small amount of the substance with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and then adding 20 ml of ethanol, after heating the mixture in a water bath until limpid, the substance was filtered through the Buchner funnel. To isolate a solid product from a liquid, suction filtration using a Buchner funnel is an effective method. A small amount of cold solvent should be used to wet the filter paper prior to filtration, and to remove any solid remains from the reaction flask. The second stage is recrystallisation, to purify the solid product. Dissolve the solid in the minimum volume of ...