... the ocean. Many of these cities are also located on some of the nation's best-known bays and harbors, which are, as a result, badly polluted. Boston Harbor received considerable political attention in 1988 as one of the most polluted areas in the nation. The New York City harbor receives the city's sewage during heavy rain. The city's sludge is depositied in the Atlantic Ocean about 106 miles off shore. Only the United States and Great Britain currently dump significant quantities of sewage sludge at sea (World Resources Institute, 1987, p.131). Public policy response to contamination of the oceans from all sources has been largely anticipatory in nature. There are various international conventions, regional conventions, and national laws establishing policy for the protection of the ocean. International law has addressed the problem of ocean pollution. The UN Convention on the Law of the Seas, adopted in 1982, defines pollution of the oceans ...

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