... it and Tertiary halogenoalkanes have the halogen atom covalently bonded to a carbon atom, which has no hydrogens. (Reference 1, pages 60-61) In my experiment I will investigate the rates of reaction of three different halogenoalkanes 1-clorobutane, 1-bromobutane- and 1-iodobutane. C-F bond is not investigated in this experiment as it does not undergo nucleophilic substitution because of the strength of the bond. There are two factors that affect the rates of reaction of halogenoalkanes. These are: * Polarity and * Bond enthalpy Polarity The difference in electronegativity between atoms introduce a degree of polarity between different atoms in a covalent bonds Electronegativity is the ability of a bonded atom to attract an electron. The electronegativity of halogens decreases down the group i.e. Cl>Br>I. The bigger the difference in electronegativity of atoms, the greater the degree of bond polarity. In this case C-Cl is the most polar hence most reactive while C-I will be the least polar hence least ...

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