... Resolution is a "size" characteristic, as it determines the number of bits that the output or input is capable of using. An ADC with n-bit resolution can generate 2n different output codes. The difference between each digital level is given by (equ. 1), which defines the voltage for each level corresponding to each digital value. The higher the resolution, the more difficult it is to build analogue circuitry capable of differentiating so many different small voltage levels. This limits the ability of converters to achieve high resolution. The other characteristic is the sampling rate. This is also known as the speed at which the converter executes its operation. To obtain an accurate sample of a signal it is necessary to use the Nyquist sampling rate which is defined to be twice the maximum frequency of the input signal. Any sampling rate less then this would lead to a spurious signal. ...

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