... exponential increase so if n qubits were used to make a computer then 2n calculations can be done at once. Physicists are excited by the prospect because this means that unsolved problems and calculation could be solved by a quantum computer and the possibility of simulations being created that look very real. Problems faced making a quantum computer? One of the problems is how to get the qubits in two states simultaneously because the quantum states of a qubit can easily be disturbed by interactions with the environment which is called 'decoherence'. This means that for both quantum states to occur the qubits have to be isolated but to function as a computer there has to be some sort of link between the qubits. A quantum computer requires many qubits to interact with each other and without decoherence occurring. We can look at nuclei and see that if an electron remains ...

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