... (Nellis, 1991; Renzema, 1992). During trials in the 1960s the usefulness of the technology as a way of monitoring offenders was soon realised (Nellis, 1991; Vass, 1992). Though the first trial took place in Massachusetts in 1967, little interest was initially shown in electronic tagging until the 1980s when the idea behind the use of an electronic bracelet to monitor an individual's movement was extracted from a Spiderman comic book by Judge Jack Love in New Mexico in 1983 (Nellis, 1991; Renzema, 1992). Since that time a great deal of interest in the technology has been shown by governments, academics, penologists and electronics companies alike (Vass, 1990). As a result of these initial trials, tagging began to establish itself within the U.S corrections system. Today, virtually all states in America have some form of electronic monitoring scheme. Testing in the UK began with the programme of night restrictions for ...

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