... such an environment in an effort to explain why there was such disorganisation and conflict within. Furthermore, Durkheim's idea of the destructiveness of modern urbanisation within the Chicago school was explained, and thus expanded the idea of a traditional, mechanical society further by being replaced by a more modern, organic society with different social integration. (Bulmer,M (1984) 'the significance of the Chicago school') Emile durkheim was the founding father of academic sociology in France and a major social theorist working out the turn of the 21st century. Durkheim was writing during the midst of the rapid industrialisation of the French society. Intellectually, the main drive of durkheims work was against individualism both as a mode of analysing society and as a basis of political order. Analytically, individualism attempted to explain social action as a function of biological tendency which at times were systematically criticised (Hopkins Burke, (2001) An Introduction to criminological ...

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