... in a hospital, during the working day and this would demonstrate ecological validity. In the Milgram study involving the teacher giving electric shocks to the learner when he gave a wrong answer to a question, it has been suggested that there was high experimental validity. This has been suggested because of the high incidence of obedience found during the experiment as well as the responses from participants when asked if they were convinced that they were giving electric shocks to the learners. It was found that a high percentage of Ps were indeed convinced that they were administering the shocks. However this has been questioned by research carried out by Orne and Holland (1968) who argued that the experiments lacked experimental validity and that the Ps were in fact not deceived at all, that they were just going along with the act. The Milgram study, however, did lack ecological validity as ...

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